ABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: A intervenção em realidade virtual (RV) foi viável em amputados de membros inferiores (AMI). Até onde sabemos, não existe um estudo controlado randomizado disponível sobre a reabilitação do AMI usando RV. As evidências sugerem que são necessárias mais pesquisas para reabilitação de amputados usando VR. OBJETIVO: Comparar a eficácia da terapia de RV como um complemento terapêutico adicional com o protocolo de fisioterapia nos limites de estabilidade e estabilidade postural, dor e qualidade de vida entre os AMI. MÉTODOS: Um total de 100 AMI foi recrutado por amostragem aleatória simples (gerador de número aleatório) do JPN Apex Trauma Center, AIIMS, para participar de um ensaio clínico randomizado. O AMI recrutado foi dividido aleatoriamente em dois grupos: terapia de realidade virtual juntamente com o grupo protocolo de fisioterapia (VRT-PTP) e o grupo protocolo de fisioterapia (PTP). A duração do tratamento será de 30 minutos em uma sessão / dia, durante 4 dias / semana, durante 3 semanas. Assim, cada AMI receberá 12 sessões no total. O Sistema de Equilíbrio Biodex para medir o equilíbrio dinâmico, NPRS para dor e qualidade de vida pelo WHOQOL-BREF da OMS (WHOQOL-BREF) são as medidas de resultado que serão registradas na linha de base, no final do período pós-intervenção de três semanas. O acompanhamento será realizado na 6ª e 9ª semana após a inscrição. RESULTADOS: A normalidade dos dados coletados será confirmada pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. A significância estatística intra e inter grupos será determinada por testes apropriados. O tamanho do efeito e a análise de potência serão realizados. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo apresentará dados para a eficácia do VRT na melhora do equilíbrio e da marcha, além do PTP.
INTRODUCTION: Virtual reality (VR) intervention was found to be feasible in lower limb amputees (LLA). To best of our knowledge, only there is no randomized controlled trial available regarding the rehabilitation of LLA using VR. Evidence suggest that more researches for amputee rehabilitation using VR is warranted. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of VR therapy as an additional therapeutic adjunct with physical therapy protocol on limits of stability and postural stability, pain and quality of life among LLA. METHODS: A total of 100 LLA will be recruited by the simple random sampling (random number generator) from JPN Apex Trauma Centre, AIIMS to participate in randomized controlled trial. Recruited LLA will be randomly divided into two groups, virtual reality therapy along with physical therapy protocol (VRT-PTP) group and physical therapy protocol (PTP) group. Duration of the treatment will be 30 minutes in one session/day for 4 days/week for 3 weeks. Thus, each LLA will receive 12 sessions in total. The Biodex Balance System for measuring dynamic balance, NPRS for pain and quality of life by WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) are the outcome measures will be recorded at baseline, end of 3-week post-intervention period. The follow-up will be taken at 6th and 9th week after enrollment. RESULTS: Normality of the collected data will be confirmed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Statistical significance within and between the groups will be determined. Effect size and power analysis will be performed. CONCLUSION: This study will present data for the efficacy of the VRT in improving balance and gait in addition to PTP.
Subject(s)
Amputees , Trauma Centers , Physical Therapy SpecialtyABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the efficacy and the technical details of utilizing a long segment of vein graft to bridge the vascular defect when a free flap is used to repair extensive injuries in lower extremities.@*Methods@#For the reconstruction of extensive leg defect caused by serious composite injury, a local flap is unavailable or cannot fulfill the requirements. The main vessels of the leg could be damaged. It is challenging work to find an ideal recipient vessels for a free flap. The saphenous vein was harvested from the contralateral lower extremities and utilized to bridge the vascular gap between the recipient vessels and flap pedicle vessels. A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous or anterolateral thigh free flap was used to reconstruct the leg defect. The distal end of the grafted vein was anastomosed to the superficial femoral artery in an end-to-side fashion, and the proximal end to the artery of flap pedicle in an end-to-end fashion. When a vein insufficiency was present, the proximal and distal ends of the additional grafted vein were anastomosed to the recipient vein and vein of flap pedicle in an end-to-end fashion.@*Results@#From July 2010 to April 2019, 27 patients underwent reconstruction of leg using the above-mentioned method. There were 20 males and 7 females. The patients′ age ranged from 16 to 54 years with an average of 30.6 years. There were 19 latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps and eight anterolateral thigh flaps. The grafted saphenous vein was used to bridge the arterial gap in 21 cases and to bridge both the arterial and venous gaps in 6 cases. The length of the grafted vein for arterial and venous defects was ranged from 14 cm to 43 cm (mean, 24.8 cm) and 5 cm to 12 cm (mean, 8.6 cm), respectively. 26 flaps completely survived after surgery. Venous congestion occurred in the remaining one flap and the flap eventually lost. The patient eventually opted for amputation. All patients were followed up for 3 to 14 months with an average of 9 months. Functional and aesthetic outcomes were obtained in both the recipient and donor sites. No obvious edema of lower extremities was observed.@*Conclusions@#For patients with a severe and large soft-tissue defect of the leg, fining an ideal recipient vessels for a free flap is crucial for a successful reconstructive surgery. It is a reliable and an additional option to choose the superficial femoral artery and/ or saphenous vein as the recipient vessels by using the grafted vein to bridge the vascular gaps.